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Motihari
was the place where Mahatma Gandhi started his
'Satyagrah. According to the All India Congress
Committee the farmers of Champaran were forced
to sow a Opium and/or Indigo on a certain portion
of their farm plots. They then had to sell the
same at a fixed price to the English Traders/Planters.
This would cause losses and subsequent hardships
to farmers.Furthermore, these crops would render
the soil infertile further increasing the woe's
of the halpless farmers |
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Raj
Kumar Shukla, a farmer in the region invited
Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi (who had only recently
returned from South Africa) to come help them
in their plight. Thus, Mahatma Gandhi decided
to come to Motihari. On 10th April 1917,the AICC
report states that "a large crowd of people
of Champaran witnessed the greatest architect
of Indian Freedom Struggle in Motihari."
The British fearing unrest ordered him to leave
the district. His refusal to do the same, let
to his arrest. He was offered bail on the condition
that he would leave the district. Gandhi reportedly
refused to leave the district or put up bail.
In his statement to the Court Gandhi reportedly
said, "As a law-abiding citizen my first
instinct would be, as it was, to obey the order
served upon me. But I could not do so without
doing violence to my sense of duty to those for
whom I came. |
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I feel that I could just now serve them by remaining
in their midst. I could not therefore voluntarily
retire. Amidst this conflict of duty I could only
throw the responsibility of removing me from on
the administration". Subsequently, sensing
mass disapproval of his arrest he was released |
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The
AICC report further states that that it was
in Champaran that the theory and practice of
Satyagrah came to be associated for the first
time with the fight for freedom. "Mahatmaji
went about from village to village in Champaran
preaching love and inspiring faith and confidence
among the people. Here he felt that his efforts
for the uplift of the masses could not have
enduring results unless an urge was created
within them. For this, it was necessary to educate
them. On the 13th of November, 1917 Mahatma
Gandhi opened his first school at Barharwa Lakhansen,
a village at a distance of about 20 miles to
the east of Motihari. Another school was opened
by Gandhiji on the 20th of November in a village
called Bhitiharwa. A third school was opened
on the 17th of January, 1918 at Madhuban, which
had among its teachers, Mahadeva Desai. |
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This
was the first such experiment on a large scale undertaken
in India. The Motihari refusal to obey the Magistrate’s
order was a case of individual civil disobedience, though
limited to small district. The struggle went on for
a few months. All pressure was brought by giving agriculturists
notices of forfeiture of lands, but thanks to the presence
of Gandhiji and his constant movement in the district
from place to place, the people were not only non-violent,
but were also very firm and prepared for any amount
of sacrifices for the common cause. The AICC report
further states, "It is worth mentioning that the
Satyagrah of Champaran was responsible for initiation
in the service of the motherland of two volunteers Acharya
Kripalani and Deshratna Dr. Rajendra Prasad. While Bihar’s
indebtedness to Mahatma Gandhi is irretrievable not
only for having succored her million from the tentacles
of white planters but also for having breathed into
her soul the new message." |
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museum and a stone pillar has been laid down in the
memory of Mahatma Gandhi's presence in Motihari. It
also contains Gandhiji's courageous statement given
before the Magistrate inscribed on a stone. According
to Sri Chandra Bhusahan Pandey, National Informatics
Center: East Champaran, Motihari, |
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The
foundation stone of this Gandhi memorial pillar
was laid on June 10, 1972 by the then Governor,
Mr. D.K.Barooch, and it was dedicated to the
nation by Mr. Vidyakar Kavi, a grandson, on
18 April 1978.... The 48 fect long Chunar stone
pillar stands exactly on the place where Mahatma
Gandhi was produced before the court of the
then S.D.M., Motihari in violation of orders
under section 144 Cr. P. C. as far back as April
18, 1917. Mahatma Gandhi first Satyagrah was
experimented on this soil of Motihari in Champaran
and so Champaran has been starting point of
India’s independence movement launched
by Gandhi ji. |
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| Gorakh
Prasad House Gandhi first time stay |
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| East
Chaparan |
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Exam Results 2010 |
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